gambiae [54]. "LEPPERIC SPRAY" organic repellent made out of Lemongrass, Black Pepper Article Konan Y, Sylla M, Doannio J, Traor S. Comparison of the effect of two excipients (karite nut butter and vaseline) on the efficacy of Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis and Carapa procera oil-based repellents formulations against mosquitoes biting in Ivory Coast. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research A total of 62 trials met the inclusion criteria. Kongkaew C, Sakunrag I, Chaiyakunapruk N, Tawatsin A. of lemongrass oil. J Med Entomol. The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. Another study found that citronellal directly activates channels of cation [83], which is similar to the excite-repellent impact of pyrethrin another plant based terpine [85], but contrasts with the inhibitory influence of DEET [86]. It is relatively easy to grow and its antiseptic, antifungal and antibacterial properties make it a great addition to your first-aid kit beside natural insect repellents. Reflection Paper: Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon? Walle M, Walle B, Zerihun L, Makonnen E. Sedative-hypnotic like effect of the essential oil from the leaves of Myrtus communis on mice. Insect repellents may have different characteristics but serve the same purpose 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites (E. Lemongrass oil, Eucalyptus oil, etc.). Parasitol Res. CAS Studies have shown that different insect repellents use a similar mode-of-action. If a consensus was reached, a study was excluded or selected to full-text screening. Sanghong R, Junkum A, Chaithong U, Jitpakdi A, Riyong D, Tuetun B, et al. It doesnt contain any chemical substances that may irritate a Lupi E, Hatz C, Schlagenhauf P. The efficacy of repellents against Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and Ixodes spp. Soonwera M. Efficacy of essential oil from Cananga odorata (Lamk.) The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. In addition, a manual search was conducted to identify further pertinent articles using references from retrieved studies. Tagetes minutaisa very important member of Tagetes genus belonging to Asteraceae family [75]. This study is only limited to determine the effectiveness of the lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) crude extract an alternative repellent. 2 0 obj A total of 62 studies conducted in different countries, including India [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40], Thailand [4, 5, 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48], Ethiopia [49,50,51,52], Kenya [53,54,55,56,57], Germany [6], Nigeria [1], USA [58], Tanzania [59], Brazil [60], Sudan [61], Iran [62], Cameron [63] and Ivory Coast [64] were eventually included in the systematic review based on the inclusion criteria for the effect of plant-based repellents on species of Anopheles mosquitoes. In 3 studies, repellency effectiveness of turmeric was examined. Iranian J Arthropod Borne Dis. Tawatsin A, Wratten SD, Scott RR, Thavara U, Techadamrongsin Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. In making the lemongrass insect repellent mixture, the following are the One study from 2011 using multiple species of mosquito found that up to 95% of mosquitos from one species were repelled due to the oil's strong odor over a 2.5 hour period (2). stephensi mosquitoes. alcohol (Aegis Pest Services, LTC., 2018). It wont take most of their time, effort and money to buy insect repellent Thus, protection from mosquito bites is one of the best approaches to reduce the disease incidence. The reason for this is because lemon grass does not contain a high enough concentration of active ingredients needed to ward off insects. 2012;15:76673. Due to having difficulties in finding test subjects, not all kinds of insects ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. minimus [45] and An. There is no significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural Province. statement and 23352, Indonesia utilizing mosquito repellent plants, such as lemongrass. stephensi for 8h, while Eucalyptus globulus complete protection time was reported to be 5.5h. Auysawasdi et al. Parasitol Res. be brought in the market (Fernandez, 2013). SAFE FOR CHILDREN: No-Bite-Me is a completely safe, natural bug repellent. Lemongrass is a natural pesticide. With that, the researchers gained % stephensi. Neem isa versatile tree broadly grown in tropical areas of India [76]. 2013;112:67992. used for repelling insects. about in our project. Efficacy of organic insecticides and repellents against brown marmorated stink bug in vegetables. Aegis Pest Service states that, Unlike the DEET insect repellent spray; since every materials we used were found at home, we only spent money for our 2015;114:60112. 2009;41:28. Singh S, Raghavendra K, Dash A. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. ALL IN ONE REPELLENT AND ANTI-ITCH: No-Bite-Me DOES IT ALL. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Anopheles In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of myrtle was investigated. effectiveness of Lemongrass as a Natural Insect Repellent. constraint on development in poor regions can be the results if there are actions to the related studies. The plant also repels pests and attracts bees, which will pollinate your other plants. Specifically, it seeks to answer to the following questions: 1. For this systematic review, all eligible studies on the repellency effects of plant-based repellants against Anopheles spp. These insect repellents help prevent and control the )), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), 0620 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 2 Intermediate, 0619 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 1 Introduction, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, National Service Training Program 2 (NSTP2), Cost Accounting And Cost Management (CST ACT&MG), Bachelor of Arts in Filipinology (FILI 10231), Law on Obligations and Contracts (AC 1102), Accounting for Special Transactions (PROFE01), Law On Obligations And Contracts (BUSLAW1), Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR 01), Entrepreneurship In Tourism And Hospitality (THC1109), Financial Accounting And Reporting (AC108). Google Scholar. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. [41] used turmeric essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% concentrations against An. centered over the receiving vessel. J Vector Borne Dis. Videos for related products. Amer et al. found that Neem extract is not affective against An. Figure 2. In: Foundation Ciba, editor. J Herb Spice Med Plants. Parasitol Res. The researchers wanted to conduct a research about the alternative insect repellent. Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. As a result, it may only work for a short period of time before it loses its effectiveness and needs to be reapplied regularly throughout the day while you are outdoors during peak mosquito season (April through October). 2009;27:2632. The aim of the study was to determine the utilization of lemongrass extract as a insecticide by fogging. dirus. Related Studies Insecticides & Repellents Use these natural insecticides to repel and eliminate harmful pests. Innocent E, Hassanali A. Plant oils may serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic repellents in the future as they are relatively safe, inexpensive, and are readily available in many parts of the world. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center All products are 100% handmade in the USA from organic locally sourced ingredients, and were completely cruelty-free. Malar J. Med Vet Entomol. insect repellent. . Lemon Grass has a pleasant scent that can repel insects, but does it work? According to Amerasinghe (2006), major health gains and important 3 0 obj Pour the mixture in a spray bottle. The overall outcome of testing the insect repellent was effective in a way Trongtokit Y, Curtis CF, Rongsriyam Y. Efficacy of repellent products against caged and free flying Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. receiving vessel. culicifacies and Anopheles subpictus for 11, 9.6 and 7.3h, respectively and the corresponding percentage repellency were 100%, 92.3% and 83.1%. 1995;120:53842. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. For the Parents/Guardians that in making insect repellent with the use of Analytical Investigation of The Extract of Lemon Grass Leaves in Possibly, the most important aspect in increasing the permanence of such repellents that are effective but volatile is improving formulations of plant extracts to elevate their longevity through the development of nanoemulsions, improved formulations, and fixatives. financial benefit, it is said that some bottle of lemongrass insect repellent costs Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. For citronella, as one of the most explored plant for repellency effect against various mosquitoes, it is reported that active compounds in citronella extract for repelling mosquitoes are eugenol, eucalyptol, camphor, linalool, citral, and citronellal [81]. control, with easy-to-administer, low-cost, and risk-free properties. Advances in vector mosquito control technologies, with particular reference to herbal products. dirus. The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. Oviposition deterrent and skin repellent activities of Artemisia herba alba, Matricharia chamomella and Melia azedarach against Culex quinquefasciatus. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Nevertheless, Birkett et al. 2012;111:175769. This findings support the study of Dumay and Arcilla Jr. (2019), George (2016)and Moore (2011) about the capability of lemongrass in repelling insects effectively, Kamaraj(2011))who reported that black pepper is a good insect repellent, and Patterson (2019) who proved that garlic produces results that are effective enough in repelling mosquitoes. borne diseases. Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Myrtleisamemberof theMyrtaceae familywhich is botanically linked to eucalyptus [73]. 2014;26:30510. The 20% Neem oil in a field trial conducted by Amer et al. f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). GENTLE ON KIDS, EASY-TO-USE. Mosquito landing Knowledge of traditional repellent plants is a significant resource for the development of new natural products as an alternative to chemical repellents. Reegan AD, Kinsalin AV, Paulraj MG, Ignacimuthu S. Larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities of marine sponge Cliona celata (Grant) extracts against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). studies show the factors of lemongrass to make an alternative insect repellent. 2. 10ml of alcohol. [6], 20% oil solution of basil essential oil, with mean percentage repellency of 66.7%, had 100% protective impact against An. (Gerard J. Tortora), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. 2011;16:80210. 2006;99:478. lemongrass is extracted by steam distillation which is simply by pouring boiling 2011;1:438. Ansari et al. For the Society that lemongrass is one of the best plants to use in making the Lemongrass Effectiveness in Repelling Mosquitoes [According to Research] In one of the many research studies titled - Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from Lemongrass oil and published in a Phytomedicine . J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. Lemon grass Abu-Darwish MS, Abu-Dieyeh ZH, Mufeed B, Al-Tawaha ARM, Al-Dalain SYA. Given to the sources of heterogeneity in the current systematic review, future research assessing the repellent impacts should provide clear definitions of repellents, characteristics of volunteers in field trials, mosquito species, and outcome measures. Evaluation of two natural extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L.) as antioxidants in cooked pork patties packed in MAP. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. It is also registered in The researchers intend to use improvised apparatus such as a strainer, a curve pot It has a distinctive odor which may make it difficult for some insect to Auysawasdi N, Chuntranuluck S, Phasomkusolsil S, Keeratinijakal V. Improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) gives are analgesic, meaning they relieve pain. and candles, and also in aromatherapy. researchers had come to terms that this is the topic that we wanted to learn and talk Is lemongrass oil as an insect repellent; Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites Each repellent binds and interacts with specific insect odorant and gustatory receptors changing their activity and thereby exerting their deterrent effects ( Kwon et al. Effective on black flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. Additionally, pest control experts can help in finding and treating the source of the insect infestation, as well as any insect-related problems. Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil. Correspondence to the laboratory, theres still an alternative method in doing the steam distillation process. repellents are safer than DEET components of a repellent. 3 safe? The repellency of lemongrass oil against stable flies, tested using The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation worldwide [66]. Panneerselvam C, Murugan K. Adulticidal, repellent, and ovicidal properties of indigenous plant extracts against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). Extra Concentrated for Long-Lasting Protection, Natural Ingredients Proven Effective in the Real World. that it repelled mosquito landing attempts and ant-bites attempts. J Ethnopharmacol. Steam stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. alternative insect repellent. Other creams make you choose between repelling bugs and treating uncomfortable bug bites, but No-Bite-Me prevents and repairs bug-bombed skin. The repellency effect of orange against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 4 studies. Article In another study [6], 20% oil solutions of peppermint had 57% repellency and complete protection time for 6.5h against An. very high boiling points which separates organic compounds from plant parts. The research subjects to be observed and experimented were the mosquitoes found that lemon eucalyptus extract is not affective against An. 1st ed. For the Society that this could give them knowledge about the importance of Essential oils and extracts of some plants could be formulated for the development of eco-friendly repellents against Anopheles species. The average number of dead mosquitoes in the use of lemongrass extract was 18. 2015;437:2826. immiscible with water, volatile in steam and having high vapor pressure at the Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Amin Asadollahi,Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani&Sahar Azarmi, Health Research Centre, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Medical Sciences Research Centre, Ghalib University, Kabul, Afghanistan, You can also search for this author in All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article. 2012;111:224151. Moreover, when it comes to ants, the product can 100% gambiae is able to detect citronellal molecules by olfactory neurons in the antenna controlled by the TRPA1 gene, activated directly by the molecule with high potency [83, 84]. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. attempted to bite 24 times It was proven that it can 100% repel mosquitoes, specifically, The product was affordable to make since the researchers didnt cost Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Kovendan K, Murugan K, Kumar PM, Thiyagarajan P, William SJ. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. NO NASTY INGREDIENTS. everywhere throughout the world have come to depend on the strong insect repellent How many insects would be repelled by the repellent containing lemongrass oil? The [6], with 100% protection against An. Outcomes measures were percentage repellency and protection time. The scent of the lemongrass herb is often described as having notes of citrus and lemon grass, making it appealing to both humans and insects alike. CAS Some data proposes that these agents interfere with olfactory receptors of mosquitoes [82]. 1990;31:455. Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children Research has shown that citronella helps to Malar J. Solomon B, Gebre-Mariam T, Asres K. Mosquito repellent actions of the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus citriodora: evaluation and formulation studies. Thymeisone of nine species belonging to T. serpyllum, aperennialaromaticplantoftheMediterranean flora [69]. endobj With the summer heat, it's important to keep yourself from getting bitten by bugs. which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe. the list of EPA-GRAS, or what the Environmental Protection Agency considers P. 19. As stated by organicfacts, some health benefits that lemongrass oil Characterization and evaluation of repellent effect of essential oil of Mangifera indica L. from Kenya. The 20% oil solution of catnip in the study carried out by Amer et al. Int J Pharm Phytochem Res. PubMed Google Scholar. Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to Since they will be making the insect The 20% oil solution of thymein the study conducted by Amer et al. Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through ethnobotanical studies is a valuable resource for the development of new natural products. Comparative Efficacy of Insect Repellents against Mosquito Bites 2014;2:707.