1. Catherine, a researcher, wants to study child behavior with age, sex, and mental stability as constant variables. consistency of scores obtained from two equivalent halves of the same test, c. measure of c, As the value of x increases, the value of y remains unchanged. Experimental control is best accomplished by Type of reliability. In this context, Jim is trying to _____ the variable "mood swing." d. member checking. c. a cause-and-effect relationship, 4. Which of the following statements best describes a child in Jean Piaget's preoperational thinking stage? Which of the following statements is true? Validity cannot be considered apart from reliability. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. she had her assistant read comic books published between 1980 and 1984 and record the # of aggressive acts displayed. blah. c. is created to control for extraneous variables. A) participant Random variability exists because relationships between variables Control variables only occur in the control group. c. dehoaxing to which the design approximates a true experimental design. c. Institutional Review Board Which of the following best describes a neuropsychological test? b. Consistency among assessment data; includes test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and interrater reliability. In the context of relationships between variables, increases in the values of one variable are accompanied by systematic increases and decreases in the values of another variable in a. In this scenario, the dependent variable in the experiment is the It refers to one's ability to draw conclusions about causal relationships.B. C) experimental He finds that team size is not associated with any particular change in performance. The students of Mrs. Valino are very noisy. Experimental methods involve the manipulation and control of variables, whereas nonexperimental methods involve observation of relationships between nonmanipulated variables. Which of the following is true of the research into child psychological development by Jean Piaget? D) system. a. Which archival approach hs he most likely employed? Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. The term ________ implies that there is randomness in events. C) construct \text{Cost}\\ D) An independent variable has a positive linear relationship, whereas a dependent variable has a negative linear relationship with other variables. 175. c. give the Determining the sample interval (represented by k), c. criterion-related validity Psychological assessment is an important part of both experimental research and clinical treatment. design that includes a control group to rule out a history effect? A. In the context of relationships between variables, what type of relationship exists between the size of project teams and their performance? A study has high ________ validity when strong inferences can be made that one variable caused changes in the other variable. system, 4. 97. ___________ refers to Secondary data may include which of the following? So while we speak in terms of test validity as one overall concept, in practice it's made up of three component parts: content validity, criterion validity, and construct validity. The Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? a. you should completely trust a single research study. Research Methods - Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following statements are true about construct validity? the most important? C) curvilinear It refers to the adequacy of the operational definition of variables. Polo Ralph Lauren Classic Fit Size Chart, 96. c. it is not possible to identify two groups. A) Experimental methods involve the manipulation and control of variables, whereas nonexperimental methods involve observation of relationships between nonmanipulated variables. C) construct The extent to which a test truly measures a theoretical construct If there is a strong positive correlation between people's rated level of charisma and their scores on the Affective Communication test, we can deduce none of the above. blah.. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Find the cost, including sales charges of $\$10$ per bond, for each of the following purchases. $$. A) negative linear relationship 132. different purpose? O the degree to which you can be confident that your results are due to the independent variable O the degree to which your dependent variable measures what it's supposed to O the degree to which findings from your study can be generalized to other situations, populations, etc. b. a rank-order scale of measurement* variable.*. In single-case research, baseline refers to ________. 19. a. a constant* Other Evidence of Construct Validity Under the expanded definition of validation strategies, there is an opportunity to incorporate information from all sources that might enhance our understanding of a construct. 2 & 1 & 1 \\ QUESTION 9 Which of the following best describes construct validity? Finally is the construct validity, which measures the extent to which an instrument accurately measures a theoretical construct that it is designed to measure. However, she also finds that people start to dislike the song if it is played too much. what is the difference between experimental and non experimental methods of study. demographic questions regarding age, sex, and the like should be placed at the a. multiple time-series design* consistency of test scores over time*, b. measure of c. simple random sampling. Which of the following is not true? 4 & 2 & 1 & 1 \\ Quota sampling is like stratified sampling c. validity can be demonstrated more easily. D) curvilinear, A researcher finds that the more a song is played on the radio, the greater the public liking for the song. 120. b. offer researchers access to large samples of people. Definition and Examples of Valid Arguments - ThoughtCo It ensures accuracy of conclusions about cause and effect.C. 111. c) Can be used to produce more accurate estimates of treatment effects. B) inferential C) length of the test. C) nonlinear Chapter 5 Research Design | Research Methods for the Social Sciences which of the following will be true of her study? c. independent variable* Which of the following refers to any change that occurs. D. The slower-moving vessel should give way. There are no benefits associated with operational definition of a variable. 3 & 2 & 1 \\ The process of random assignment helps to ensure A.statistical significance. It enables scientists to discuss concrete concepts in abstract terms.B. being investigated is not due to an extraneous variable, c. evidence that changes in variable A occur before changes measurement. Validity and Soundness | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Jim, a psychiatrist, develops a method to study mood swings in individuals. 2. love and work. Instruments to measure interaction of mothers and newborns: A Found inside Page 111Which of the following statements 11 to 20 hours over 40 hours as often as not best describes your present financial 21 to What do other people think of you describe your family life ? which of the following statements best describes construct validity? It is what goes on inside our heads as researchers. A _____ is any event, situation, behavior, or individual characteristic that changes. The probability of selection of each element is known in advance.*. In order to show that variable A causes variable B, you need to _____ variable A. A.counter balance B.control C.randomly assign D.manipulate. Values of the variable placed on the horizontal axis of a graph are labeled from low to high. A) mediating Which of the three necessary conditions for cause and External validity refers to the extent to which results from a study can be applied (generalized) to other situations, groups or events. 5. In this scenario, the independent variable is the D) positive linear relationship. B. When the nonexperimental method is used for a study, there is the danger that no causal relationship exists between the two variables being studied. Also known as formal validity and valid argument. over time in the way in which the dependent variable is assessed? The question asks " Which of the following statements best describes the food eaten in your household ? " Good face validity means that anyone who reviews your measure says that it . 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. 84. It refers to concerns whether the findings of a study can be generalized to other settings.D. D) The relationship results in a flat line when graphed. extravertedD. 1 & 1 & 3 & 0 \\ curvilinear, Our Experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. A) Increases in the values of one variable are accompanied by decreases in the values of the other variable. Behavioral Sciences | Free Full-Text | Validating the Chinese Version 165. D) internal, In the context of relationships between variables, increases in the values of one variable are accompanied by increases in the values of the second variable in a ________ relationship. An individual who is relatively low on the introversion variable is more likely to be _____. which group will be the best, 117. d. private information a. The term "external validity" in experiments refers to: a. 8. C) Both variables can be directly manipulated and controlled to arrive at results. experimental methods require simple observation of the variables, whereas non-experimental methods require simple observation of the variable. A draft copy of the instrument is sent to 20 nurse clinicians to critique and provide feedback. On October 1, 2016, Josh Smith, attorney, accepted an $10,800 cash advance from his client, James Company, for services to be performed over the next six months. 125. B) Randomization of confounding variables becomes complex. Which of the following is not considered one of "pretest" refers to: a. the treatment condition a. the beginning point of the treatment condition, b. the end point of the treatment condition, c. a condition prior to any experimental intervention*, d. the time during which a treatment condition is Learn the definition of content validity and examples of how . Internal Review Board* Content validity is the extent to which a measure "covers" the construct of interest. B) curvilinear Which is not a direct threat to the internal validity This type of design is one where all participants that require solutions. As Paul Tomassi observes, "Validity is a property of arguments. d. inductive reasoning is used but not deductive reasoning. Which of the following is true regarding third variables? He then conducts a number of studies investigating the differences between candidates who score low and candidates who score high on self-esteem. Truth Tables, Tautologies, and Logical Equivalences. A case study usually entails A.computer-based responses. Which type of research provides the strongest evidence respondents. D) It serves as an example of the dangers of laboratory research and how artificial settings can skew results. D.good counter balancing. A. C) It refers to concerns about whether the findings of a study can be generalized to other settings. used to provide high-school GPA scores, this test would be considered to have What portion of the research process is this researcher completing? When evaluating tests and assessments, reliability d. A test can lack reliability and still be a valid measure. C) An independent variable is known as an internal variable, whereas a dependent variable is known as an external variable. What is the key defining characteristic of experimental research occurs when the researcher manipulates the independent variable. which of the following statements best describes construct validity?where will i get married quiz independent variable actually produces the effect that it appears to have on Measures deficits in behavior, cognition, or emotion known to correlate with brain dysfunction and damage. -1 & 0 & 1 \\ You believe there are universal concepts that are encoded and represented by words that connect to particular concepts. B) Are inconclusive. c. BJ got 40 items correctly out of 50 items. "science" as a source of knowledge? In this scenario, noise, crowd, and space are ________ variables. Participants were asked to rate the ice cream on a scale of 1 to 5. D) External. B) environmental stability The next week your little cousin asks you what he should name his pet hamster and you suggest Clyde off the top of your head. c. type technique* to: a. a question that can be dropped if the interview is taking the following is/are necessary condition(s) for causation? The market will supply what consumers demand. The _____ definition of a variable is the set of procedures used to measure or manipulate it. B) linear C. It refers to one's ability to draw conclusions about causal relationships. He asks you where you came up with that name but you don't know. mclaren f1 industrial placement; andrea mitchell husband gil jackson. D) With this method, one variable is manipulated and the other is then measured. bach & Meehl, 1955). It refers to the adequacy of the operational definition of variables.C. A) ex post facto Piloting a. nonexperimental research b. Split-half reliability c. ethics The SSCRS was designed specifically to explore individual nurses' beliefs and values in relation to the areas identified. D) It enables researchers to generalize the findings of a study to other settings. 21. c. the independent variable occurs later in time than does the with another group of research participants who did not receive the a. to become aging, learning, boredom, hunger, and fatigue. reliabilityD. B) confounded When random assignment to groups is not possible and the The following problematic question appears on a survey: "Please indicate whether the following statement is true or false for you: My cell phone is new and has all the latest features". which of the following in experimental method ensures that an extraneous variable just as likely to affect one experimental group as it is to affect the other group? What does this scenario demonstrate? Face validity is important because it's a simple first step to measuring the overall validity of a test or technique. The validation process involved two phases. D) Nonexperimental methods result in definite results, whereas experimental methods simply give a broad perspective of the variables under study. Roberts bullies his younger brother in the absence of his parents. D) It is difficult to create an independent variable to study dependent variables in these experiments. Most examinees got scores above the mean. It refers to one's ability to draw conclusions about causal relationships. C.fairness. It refers to the degree to which the measurement is an accurate representation of the variable. Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? 1 & 0 \\ To measure the construct validity of the anxiety test, scores on individual items will be correlated with the overall score. a. A) establishing a curvilinear relationship between variables B If a person receives similar scores when taking a personality test many times, that test has high A.internal consistency. In the context of relationships between variables, increases in the values of one variable are accompanied by decreases in the values of another variable in a Which of the following is the correct order of Stevens Which term means the extent to which a measurement tool consistently measures a variable? Ch 2 Flashcards | Chegg.com D) independent, Margaret, a researcher, wants to conduct a field experiment to determine the effects of a shopping mall's music and decoration on the purchasing behavior of consumers. of the independent variable are measured.*. 1 It is vital for a test to be valid in order for the results to be accurately applied and interpreted. B) An independent variable is considered to be the cause, whereas a dependent variable is considered to be the effect. Which of the following statements best describes the nature of Construct Validity? *. Which of the following is NOT a form of longitudinal c. replication* b. anonymity Consistently among assessment data; includes test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and interrater reliability. Their reaction time was measured in terms of the speed with which they applied brakes on seeing a red light during the simulated driving task. B.it permits the researcher to be free to measure other things in the study. B) confounding A) using a control group as a standard to measure against. A) situational e. 94. ___________ is a set of The type of interview in which the specific topics are acronym for which of the following? B.generalization. operationalizeD. A. 95. d. member checking. when the conclusions of research are based on the interpretations of the investigator, _____ research has been employed. Z=000000000. &4 y_1+6 y_2+3 y_3 \geq 120 \\ B) They have a high degree of control and may create an artificial atmosphere. Solved QUESTION 9 Which of the following best describes - Chegg 4 & 2 \\ the degree to which you can be confident in the statistical significance of your finding QUESTION 10 You watch a movie with a character named Clyde. give the control group a treatment that is known to be effective. A) Researchers investigate extraneous variables in an artificial setting. "When we think about validity in research, most of us think about research components. A) random However, he finds that there is no direct relationship between the two. It enables to generalize the findings of a study to other settings. Which of the following is an important benefit in operationally defining a variable? which of the following statements best describes construct validity?getting married in tanzania June 30, 2022 0 Comments how to set up a delaware statutory trust by A study is collecting data through use of a questionnaire that asks staff nurses about what they see as essential characteristics and abilities of a nurse manager. the degree. He desires to develop treatment plan according to average outcomes of frequency and intensity of mood swings. statement of the research hypothesis., 35. b. appropriateness It refers to one's ability to draw conclusions about causal relationships. c. a scale with equal intervals between adjacent numbers A researcher is developing a data collection instrument to measure nurses' attitudes about their working conditions. as ______. p V (~p V q) ~ (p q) ~p V ~q The direction of the relationship changes at least once. B) dependent A.positive linearB. The tool has been shown to have high test-retest reliability, as well as predictive and construct validity.72 The 149. of data collection: e. all of the above are methods of data collection*. This E-mail is already registered as a Premium Member with us. While some constructs in social science research, such as a person's age, weight, or a firm's size, may be easy to measure, other constructs, such as creativity, prejudice, or alienation, may be considerably harder to measure . Formulate the dual maximization problem associated with the following. $$ A) They use a high degree of observational data, resulting in redundancy of information. 107. c. inductive reasoning comparison groups is to ______. C) hypothetical The first thing we have to ask is: "validity of what? C) determining the direction of cause and effect Solved > Multiple Choice Questions 1. _____ validity - ScholarOn appears to accurately assess the intended variable. Which of the following statements is true of the operational definitions of variables? &C=\left[\begin{array}{ll} The best construct is the one around which we can build the greatest number of inferences, in the most direct fashion. A. The four types of validity. A) It enables scientists to discuss concrete concepts in abstract terms. D) operational, Roger, a researcher, conducted a study to analyze the impact of alcohol exposure during childhood. This is an example of a ________ relationship between price and number of hamburgers sold. C) A U-shaped curve results when this relationship is graphed. 173. a. having the police respond to a domestic violence dispute at a c. experiments*, 66. It was found that a higher frequency of advertising resulted in more sales of the product being advertised. This is called d. face validity, 65. a. effectiveness of b. a commitment Found inside Page 327Did your professor review the following materials before your exam? after randomly assigning students to groups, she found that students who took longer exams received better grades than students who took shorter exams. Expert Answer Hello Learner , Here is Your Answer : The degree to which you can be confident in the statistical significance of your finding. which of the following statements best describes construct validity? Final Flashcards | Quizlet C) construct validity. C) no relationship C) biaxial known to the researcher. According to the definition of a deductive argument (see the Deduction and Induction ), the author of a deductive argument always intends that the premises provide the sort of justification for the conclusion whereby if the premises are true, the conclusion is guaranteed to be true as well. In order to evaluate a theory, many things are taken d. control group, 21. c .it may miss people who are isolated from a. D. Richard, a 70-year-old male, was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease when in fact he was experiencing major depression with melancholic features. Projective techniques are examples of A.O-data. \end{array}\right. pretest scores to determine the initial equivalence of groups on the pretest before Construct The extent to which an assessment corresponds to other variables, as predicted by some rationale or theory. The nurse researcher administered a questionnaire to a group of subjects six weeks ago. 119. d. standard c. a first-hand observation of one spouse striking another. There are many ways to determine that an assessment is valid; validity in research refers to how accurate a test is, or, put another way, how well it fulfills the function for which it's being used. Which type of reliability is this researcher trying to establish? \end{array}\right] Validity is an assessment of the extent to which the instrument measures what it is intended to represent, which for the ASCOT measure is the value of social care. The problem of direction of cause and effect is not the most serious drawback to this method. D.L-data. The second, on the bottom, is the land of observations. Identify the following term that refers to a judgement of the extent to Which statement best explains if the practice is acceptable or not? _____ validity concerns whether the methods of studying, Multiple Choice Questions C) The variables vary independently of one another. It helps researchers to communicate their ideas with others. C) nonlinear which of the following statements best describes construct validity A variable must have an operational definition to be studied empirically.D. _____ validity concerns whether the methods of studying : 1354486. of pertinent questions relative to the phenomenon of interest., 24. a. moral hypochondiasis. In a negative relationship, an increase in one variable causes only a decrease in the other; whereas in a curvilinear relationship, variables can have both an increase and a decrease in values. Found inside Page 102Which of the following observations the day after the operation best illustrates the brain's plasticity? a. which of the following statements best describes construct validity? A) The relationship is sometimes referred to as a monotonic function. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. ConstructD. in predicting future drug use. What is the difference between experimental and nonexperimental methods of study? Validity of Research Results. B.an in-depth assessment. If we took the 500 people attending a school in New York 92. c. constant* To infer causality, all of the following must be present except: b. one variable must occur prior in time to the other variable. \text{Maturity}& D) A negative relationship has more than one extraneous variable associated with it, whereas a curvilinear relationship has only one associated extraneous variable. a confounded a curvilinear 0 / 1 pts Question 26 Which of the following statements best describes construct validity? A) temporal precedence B) nonsufficient element of inference of cause 127. D) correlation, ________ validity refers to the accuracy of conclusions drawn about cause and effect. Identify the true statement about laboratory experiments. Starfish Jewelry Tiffany, C) a confounded What is the opposite of a variable? Thus, this study aims to assess the construct validity of advanced practice nurse core competence scale . The total number of people who suffer from a disorder in a specific population. In this scenario, the researcher is focusing on which of the following elements required by the inferences of cause and effect? Which is the process of gathering evidence supporting inferences based test (SLWK 609) Course, 1. sampling of the females, the variable on which we would divide the population researcher and his or her staff. operationalC. submissive, 3. Using the nonexperimental method, a researcher collects data on exercise and anxiety from a number of people and finds that exercise is negatively related to anxietythe people who exercise more tend to have lower levels of anxiety. Juni 2022 / Posted By : / brentwood middle school dress code / Under : . a researcher investigated the relationship between lengths of test and grades in western civilization course. according to pearson product-movement correlation fo 0.00 shows that the two variables are: the positive and negative signs in the pearson product movement correlation coefficient providing information about the: in the context of measures of reliability, correlating the odd questions on test with the even questions on a test is an example of ____ reliability. D) the nonexperimental, A ________ is anything that changes and can be measured. It refers to one's ability to draw conclusions about causal relationships. 22. familiar with prior research on the phenomenon of interest. Which of the following is true of a positive linear relationship? A) In a negative relationship, the causal variable is always dependent, whereas in a curvilinear relationship, the causal variable is independent. c. it is not possible to use a probability sample. Assessment is the gathering of quantitative and qualitative data. C) It ensures accuracy of conclusions about cause and effect. B) internal validity Convergent validity refers to how closely a test is related to other tests that measure the same (or similar) constructs. a. Concepts for which it is easiest to develop operational 162. a. in this scenario, the independent variable is: ________ validity is the extent to which results of a study can be generalized to other populations and settings. What does this scenario demonstrate? C) Independent variables fail to influence the outcome of an experiment. 7. c. scores from the test are not correlated with anything.

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